Обмеження прав та свобод людини і громадянина

Abstract

Досліджено інститут обмеження прав та свобод людини і громадянина. З’ясовано неузгодженості понятійного апарату, що використовується у внутрішньо державному та міжнародному праві. Констатовано, що в теорії деякі науковці ототожнюють терміни «правові обмеження», «обмеження прав та свобод людини і громадянина», «обмеження реалізації прав та свобод людини і громадянина». Авторами акцентовано на особливостях, що притаманні інституту обмеження прав та свобод людини і громадянина. Проаналізовано рішення Конституційного Суду України у справах, що стосуються обмежень прав та свобод людини і громадянина. The institution of restriction of human and citizen rights and freedoms has been studied. At the constitutional level, a complex of rights and freedoms, which are a necessary component of the legal state and civil society, is enshrined. However, not all rights and freedoms of a person and a citizen are absolute, so they may be limited under certain conditions (grounds). The inconsistencies of the conceptual apparatus used in domestic and international law have been clarified, namely "restriction", "restriction of the rights and freedoms of a person and a citizen", "legitimate restriction of the rights and freedoms of a person and a citizen", "restriction of the realization of the rights and freedoms of a person and of a citizen", "waiver from one's obligations", "suspension of guarantees". It was found that in theory some scientists equate these terms, which can lead to inaccurate understanding, so their use can complicate communication; incorrect understanding and interpretation. The authors focused attention on the features inherent in the institution of restriction of the rights and freedoms of a person and a citizen. The decisions of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine in cases related to restrictions on the rights and freedoms of a person and a citizen have been analyzed. Therefore, the limitation of the rights and freedoms of a person and a citizen as a legal institution in the light of modern events is particularly relevant. At present, analyzing theoretical studies, nationaland international legislation, it can be stated that some provisions require clarification and clarification to ensure human rights and freedoms and the safety of society. The signs of restrictions on the rights and freedoms of a person and a citizen listed by us are quite conditional, because they are based exclusively on national legislation.