Важливість збереження економічної безпеки українських залізниць в умовах реформування та відновлення

Abstract

Окреслено основні напрями реформування АТ «Укрзалізниця». Наголошено, що в умовах реформування та відновлення необхідно дбати про всі, без винятку, складові економічної безпеки залізниць. Пріоритетними напрямами розвитку залізничного транспорту України в умовах євроінтеграції визначено вертикальну інтеграцію, розділення пасажирських та вантажних перевезень та інфраструктури, розвиток мультимодальних перевезень, побудову вантажних ХАБів, запровадження цифрових технологій у сфері вантажних перевезень. The article outlines that the integration of JSC "Ukrzaliznytsia" into the pan-European transport system is an important and difficult process that requires the involvement of many types of resources, including financial ones. Taking into account the destruction of the infrastructure (almost 12 thousand objects) and the decrease in the volume of transportation, which occurred as a result of the full-scale invasion of russia into Ukraine, the management of Ukrzaliznytsia introduced a number of effective management solutions. Among them are the optimization of the state, and the promotion of the development of the railway transport concession, and the presentation of the Railway Restoration Plan to both domestic and foreign investors. The management of Ukrzaliznytsia is introducing the development of freight transportation, because it is precisely this type of transportation that is profitable, thanks to freight transportation, passenger transportation has always been subsidized, which is unacceptable, because it was necessary to find an effective model for the organization of both cargo and passenger transportation in order to make a profit from both types activity. Among the ambitious plans of the management of the railway department is the rapid development of rail transport, because they have many advantages, starting from saving fuel and working time of railway workers to increasing the speed of cargo delivery and observing the rhythm of shipments. Ways to bring the railway enterprise to a break-even level of operation are given. The main directions of reforming JSC "Ukrzaliznytsia" are outlined. It was emphasized that in the conditions of reform and recovery, it is necessary to take care of all, without exception, components of the economic security of railways. Vertical integration, separation of passenger and freight transport and infrastructure, development of multimodal transport, construction of freight transport hubs, introduction of digital technologies in the field of freight transport are defined as priority directions for the development of railway transport in Ukraine under the conditions of European integration.