Досвід країн пострадянського простору у сфері кримінально-правого забезпечення призову та мобілізації

Abstract

Проаналізовано кримінальне законодавство пострадянських країн щодо кримінально-правової заборони ухилення від призову за мобілізацією та визначено шляхи викоритання у КК України та інших законодавчих актах позитивного досвіду його застосування.

The criminal legislation of the post-Soviet countries (the Criminal Code of the Republic of Armenia, the Republic of Azerbaijan, the Republic of Belarus, Georgia, the Republic of Kazakhstan, the Kyrgyz Republic, the Republic of Latvia, the Republic of Lithuania, the Republic of Moldova, the Republic of Tajikistan, the Republic of Turkmenistan, the Republic of Uzbekistan, the Republic of Estonia) easion from the call for mobilization and the ways of using the Criminal Code of Ukraine and other legislative acts of the positive experience of its application are determined. It was established that only in the Criminal Code of the Republic of Armenia, Georgia, the Kyrgyz Republic and the Republic of Uzbekistan, for evasion from the call for mobilization and for other similar crimes, alternative punishment is provided for - penalty, public and corrective labor, arrest. In all others, only imprisonment. The absolute majority of the Criminal Code considered by the generic object of crime, which includes the evasion of the call for mobilization, determines the order of management. The object of the crime in most of the Criminal Code of the post-Soviet countries is the order of governance, at least - state security. A certain system in the criminal laws of other countries regarding the definition of the object of evasion from the call for mobilization was not found. It is proved that the quality of the criminal defense of the country directly depends on its "military experience": the presence during a certain historical period of the development of military defensive actions or an active armed conflict positively affects the norms of the criminal law, which were applied at this time.