Розглянуто види поводження/покарання, заборонені ст. 3 Конвенції про захист прав людини та основоположних свобод. Здійснено аналіз практики Європейського суду з прав людини щодо розмежування понять «катування», «нелюдське поводження чи покарання» і «поводження чи
покарання, що принижує гідність». Досліджено доктрину мінімального рівня жорстокості як критерію виокремлення видів поведінки/покарання, заборонених Конвенцією.
The article deals with types of treatment/punishment prohibited by the article 3 of the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms. European Court of Human Rights’ practice is analyzed concerning distinction the following terms: “torture”, “inhuman treatment or punishment” and “treatment or punishment humiliating human dignity”. Torture prohibition or prohibition of other types of inhuman treatment or reatment/punishment humiliating human dignity is the right and at the same time it is the guarantee of the following inalienable human rights: the right to life, the right to freedom and personal inviolability, the right to respect to honor and dignity. The doctrine of “minimal level of brutality” as a criterion of separation of types of behavior /
punishment prohibited by the Convention is studied. It is drawn the conclusion that it is impossible to give the exact classification of circumstances, taken to the attention by the European Court of Human Rights while deciding issues whether sufferings caused to a victim reach the minima level allowing to recognize a bad treatment as torture. The matter is that the notion “suffering” embodies not thus much objective but thus much subjective moments, owing to which it is extremely difficult to define this notion. Constituting the level of brutality, the strength of caused sufferings, the European Court of Human Rights comes out of the circumstances of each concrete case, herewith it takes into consideration: aim, intentional disposition, intensity and brutality of weak treatment, duration of these actions, the level of gravity of physical and/or mental sufferings, methods and ways of their realization, sex, age, state of
health of a victim, subjective perception of a human being himself/herself as a personality.
