Конфіскація та спеціальна конфіскація як можливий наслідок вчинення корупційного правопорушення

Abstract

Здійснено науково-практичний коментар ст. 69 Закону України «Про запобігання корупції» від 14 жовтня 2014 року: наведено додаткові аргументи на користь виключення конфіскації майна як виду покарання, розмежовано конфіскацію, як вид покарання, спеціальну конфіскацію, як інший захід кримінально-правового характеру, та кримінально-процесуальну конфіскацію. Зроблено висновок про суто декларативний характер таких заходів кримінально-правового характеру через проблеми їх застосування у випадку вчинення корупційного злочину.

The article deals with scientific and practical commentary of art. 69 of the Law of Ukraine "On Prevention of Corruption" of October 14, 2014: additional arguments have been presented in favor of the exclusion of property confiscation as a form of punishment; there is delimitation of confiscation as a form of punishment, special confiscation as another criminal-legal measure and criminal-rocedural confiscation. The conclusion has been made about the purely declarative nature of such criminal-legal measures because of problems of their application in case of committing a corruption crime. The author has stated that according to the court decision, in the manner established by law, funds and other property received as a result of the commitment of a corruption offense are subject to confiscation or special confiscation only in case of committing a corruption offense. Criminal procedural confiscation is a tool for disposing of evidence (Article 100 of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine) is not relevant to criminal legal confiscation as a form of punishment or special confiscation as another measure of a criminal law nature. Confiscation as a form of additional punishment for a corruption crime commitment is possible only if it is directly foreseen in the sanction of the relevant article of the Criminal Code of Ukraine (part 5 of article 191, part 3 of article 262, sections 2 and 3 of article 308, part 3 of the constitution) 312, part 3 of article 313, part 3 of article 3652, parts 3 and 4 of article 368, all 3 parts of article 3682, part 3 of article 3683, part 4 of article 3684, part 2 -4 articles 369 and part 3 of article 3692). Special confiscation as another measure of a criminal-legal nature is possible only in case of committing such corruption offenses as art. 313 "Abduction, appropriation, extortion of equipment intended for the manufacture of drugs, psychotropic substances or their analogues, or theft to them by means of fraud or abuse of office and other illegal actions with such equipment", 3641 "Abuse of authority by an official of a legal entity of private law independently from the organizational-legal form", 3652"Abuse of authority by persons providing public services"of the Criminal Code of Ukraine (that is only for three crimes). Both of these measures are possible only if the court establishes the criminal origin of the relevant items