Abstract:
Досліджено особливості природи права на анонімність в Інтернеті. Право на анонімність
сьогодні сприймається як невід’ємне право людини, елемент прайвесі. Забезпечуючи, з одного
боку, свободу вираження поглядів у мережі, анонімність, з іншого боку, певним чином спричинює
загрози уникнення правопорушниками відповідальності. Окрему увага приділено визначенню
обов’язків держави та провайдерів у світлі реалізації права на анонімність в Інтернеті. Зроблено
висновок про необхідність пошуку балансу, котрий дозволив би враховувати як приватні інтереси
користувачів Інтернету, так і інтереси суспільні, державні. The article is devoted to the study of the peculiarities of the nature of the right to anonymity on the
Internet. Today, the right to anonymity is perceived as an inalienable human right, an element of the right to
privacy. Ensuring, on the one hand, freedom of expression on the Internet, anonymity, on the other hand, poses
a threat to offenders' avoidance of liability. In this regard, the issues related to the responsibilities for exercising
the right to anonymity on the Internet need to be addressed: the consolidation of regulatory requirements and
regulations, the issue of authorization of perpetrators, etc.
The authors conclude that the essence of the right to anonymity on the Internet generally
provides for the possibility of a network user not to be identified by his or her own name when using
certain online services or platforms, as well as to take actions aimed at preventing others from identifying
him or her, to use a pseudonym (nickname), etc.
The factor of anonymity on the Internet significantly contributes to ensuring the freedom of a
person in the virtual sphere. However, due to the need to take into account the aspect of responsibility,
new horizons of obligations that may be imposed on Internet users for reasons of national security,
combating offenses, etc. are emerging.
It is determined that the challenge for many States today is to address the issue of
«permissiveness» of statements and actions of users of the virtual world, which contributes to the
realization of freedom of expression, but can also lead to destructive phenomena in the field of
communication and interaction. The most acceptable way out of this ambivalence is to find a «golden
mean», a balance that would allow taking into account both the private interests of Internet users and the
public and state interests.
