Abstract:
У статті здійснено огляд окремих судових рішень, у яких висвітлено ключові особливості кваліфікації кримінальних правопорушень проти безпеки руху та експлуатації транспорту. Досліджено типові ситуації вчинення кримінальних правопорушень цього виду з аналізом труднощів кваліфікації та подальшого притягнення особи до кримінальної відповідальності. Крім того, надано увагу диференціації юридичної відповідальності, де засобом вчинення правопорушення або предметом є транспортний засіб, а також виокремлено ключові аспекти, які стосуються дефініції, виду і характеру діяння.
Description:
The article reviews some court decisions, which highlight the key features of the assessment of criminal offenses against traffic safety and transport operation. Typical situations of committing criminal offenses of this type with the analysis of difficulties of qualification and further bringing a person to criminal responsibility are studied. In addition, attention is paid to the differentiation of legal liability, where the means of committing an offense or the subject is a vehicle, as well as highlighted key aspects related to the definition, type and nature of the act. Assessment of criminal offenses against traffic safety and transport operation under art. 286 of the
Criminal Code of Ukraine should be based not only on the rules of substantive law, ie the law of Ukraine on criminal liability. Within the framework of criminal proceedings, the employee-practitioner is guided by the rules of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine, which provides for the possibility of changing the assessment of a criminal offense, taking into account the available facts and circumstances. Regarding the existence of certain regulations governing the specifics of assessment and further pre-trial investigation into the commission of a criminal offense against traffic safety and transport operation, today the national justice system has formed judicial practice on this issue. However, it requires some generalization and identification of key points in the qualification of the investigated criminal offenses or further criminal proceedings. The decisive evidence in criminal proceedings concerning criminal offenses against traffic safety and transport operation is the experts‘ conclusions from various types of examinations, which are appointed in these proceedings. In particular, autotechnical, auto-commodity, transport-trasological expert studies, which establish important circumstances
for establishing the suspect‘se guilt or innocence.
