Спосіб, метод та тип правового регулювання в контексті регулятивного впливу Конвенції про захист прав людини і основоположних свобод

Abstract

У статті з’ясовано спосіб, метод та тип правового регулювання, що притаманні регулятивному впливу Конвенції про захист прав людини і основоположних свобод. За результатами дослідження зроблено висновок, що поведінка людини, чиї права і основоположні свободи гарантуються Конвенцією про захист прав людини і основоположних свобод, упорядковується за допомогою імперативного методу правового регулювання, який не позбавлений і елементів диспозитивності, що ґрунтується на загальному уможливленні, як самостійному типі правового регулювання, сутнісну та змістовну наповненість якого становлять правові уможливлення, що як спосіб правового регулювання повинні бути гарантовані державою. The article clarifies the manner, method and type of legal regulation inherent in the regulatory influence of the Convention on the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms. The author emphasizes that the modern approach to understanding legal regulation, which is based on the idea of law-making by both the state and society, requires its correction in terms of general theoretical categories that reflect the legal toolkit, that is, the legal means involved in this process, namely: manners, methods and types of legal regulation. In the course of the study, it was proved that the regulatory influence exerted by the Convention on the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms is carried out with the help of such a manner of legal regulation as «legal enablement». Its essence consists in the recognition by the state of the catalog of fundamental human rights and freedoms existing in the European space, formally established by the Council of Europe in the Convention on the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, and their provision by creating the necessary conditions for the realization of these opportunities. Emphasis is placed on the incorrectness of using a generally permissive type of legal regulation within the framework of the Strasbourg human rights mechanism, since conventional human rights and freedoms have a natural origin, and therefore do not require permission from the state. Therefore, to regulate the behavior of people in the aspect of the Convention on the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, as a type of legal regulation should be used «general empowerment». According to the results of the study, it was concluded that the behavior of a person whose rights and fundamental freedoms are guaranteed by the Convention on the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms is regulated by the imperative method of legal regulation, which is not devoid of elements of dispositiveness, which is based on general empowerment, as an independent type of legal regulation, the essential and meaningful content of which is made up of legal opportunities that must be guaranteed by the state as a method of legal regulation.