Стан наукових досліджень питання організації та функціонування органів, які здійснювали карально-репресивні та правоохоронні функції на теренах України у дореволюційний період (до 1917 р.)

Abstract

Висвітлено стан наукового супроводження становлення та розвитку органів, які здійснювали карально-репресивні та правоохоронні функції на теренах України у дореволюційний період. Доведено, що наукові праці цього періоду розкривали складність та суперечливість процесу становлення поліцейських та адміністративних інституцій, а також містили обґрунтування необхідності їх існування саме у форматі режиму поліцейської держави за абсолютної монархії.

The article highlights the state of scientific support of the formation and development of organs that carried out punitive and repressive and law enforcement functions in the pre-revolutionary Ukraine (XVIII - early XX centuries). The peculiarities of the evolution of scientific views on these bodies are singled out: firstly, it took place in accordance with the change of historical types of the state, socio-economic relations, political system and other factors; And secondly, the history of state and law of Ukraine during a long historical period developed in the bosom of Russian, and later Soviet historical-legal science, which requires consideration of the evolution of ideas on the organization and functioning of the investigated bodies of public power in this context. The attention is paid to the fact that existing researches of pre-evolutionary scientists about the establishment and functioning of organs that carried out punitive and repressive and law enforcement functions and Ukrainian lands in the period of the XVIII - early. XX century., Take into account the achievements of the world political and legal thought - the scientific works of thinkers, which mostly pay attention to the police authorities as the most numerous state structure, which was entrusted with the implementation of punitive and repressive and law enforcement functions. It is indicated on the lack of special historical and legal scientific studies of the XVIII - early. XX century. Devoted to the study of the process of formation of bodies that carried out punitive and repressive and law enforcement functions in Ukraine. At the same time, ideas about the place and role of these bodies in public life developed in line with the general civilization process of development of mankind, the formation of state institutions and positive law, which also contributed to the legal strengthening of the status of investigated public authorities. It has been proved that the scientific works of this period revealed the complexity and contradictory nature of the process of formation of police and administrative institutions, and also contained the rationale for the necessity of their existence in the format of the regime of the police state in the absolute monarchy.