Перспективи запровадження в Україні ювенальної юстиції

Abstract

Розглянуто питання введення кримінальної юстиції у справах неповнолітніх. Проаналізовано тенденції формування правової політики щодо забезпечення прав дітей при здійсненні кримінального правосуддя шляхом удосконалення кримінального та кримінально-процесуального законодавства

The author has considered issues of introduction of criminal justice in juvenile cases. He has analyzed tendencies of the formation of the legal policy on ensuring children’a rights in the implementation of criminal justice through the improvement of criminal and criminal-procedural legislation. It has been stated that children are a separate, independent part of society, which has special rules of behavior, peculiar life stereotypes that ensure its development and formation and transformation into an adult (main) part of society. Every year, thousands of teenagers are sentenced to various types of punishment. Unfortunately, the punitive system in its present form is not capable of making juvenile offenders law-abiding citizens. So, it needs substantial changes and reforms. The author has proved that the issue of introducing juvenile justice and restorative justice for Ukraine is very relevant as the state of juvenile delinquency in the country is a matter of deep concern and necessitates the search for new means of its prevention. Juvenile Justice is a special system of protection of minors’ rights, based on specific principles, which includes a set of state bodies whose activities are carried out in conjunction with the relevant methodological-psychological, social services for the assistance of children and adolescents through the mechanism of protection of the child’s rights that are used to ensure the implementation his/her rights. The purpose of juvenile justice is to educate minors through reducing the harmful impact on them of the factor of involvement in criminal proceedings. Obviously, the distinctive feature of juvenile justice is the priority of the interests of the minor’s personality development and his/her socialization. Current time is the most important stage in the introduction of the juvenile justice system in Ukraine, the purpose and task of which is to ensure the child’s rights as a whole, his/her civil (family, housing) rights and his/her protection from criminal prosecution in the criminal procedure, guided by the rule of law principle, applying a restitutional approach and restorative justice.