Спадковий договір як інститут спадкового права України

Abstract

Здійснено цивільно-правову характеристику спадкового договору як інституту спадково-договірного права, узагальнено доктринальні та правозастосовні позиції щодо визначення особливостей правового регулювання відносин, що виникають на підставі цього юридичного факту. Запропоновано шляхи вдосконалення інституту спадкового договору в сучасних умовах державотворення.

В статье проведена гражданско-правовая характеристика наследственного договора как института наследственно-договорного права, обобщены доктринальные и правоприменительные позиции относительно определения особенностей правового регулирования отношений, возникающих на основании этого юридического факта. Предложены пути совершенствования института наследственного договора в современных условиях развития государства.

In the article civil law characterization of the hereditary contract as the Institute of hereditary contract law, generally doctrinal and legal positions regarding the definition of the peculiarities of legal regulation of relations arising on the basis of this legal fact. It is proved that the hereditary contract, like any other transaction, has certain characteristic features, in particular it can be unilateral or bilateral; fee (a contract in which a property providing one side is made in favor of the other party) or gratuitous (the hereditary contract in favor of third party); consensual (the time of the conclusion binds the parties agree on all essential terms, which in turn, gives rise to civil rights and obligations between the parties) or real; aleatory (at the conclusion of the Treaty the parties are unable to clearly define the boundaries of their duties, and loss or enrichment of one of the parties depends on the case); a prolonged (long) deal with the complicated procedure of early termination and changes (is for a period not less than until the death of the alienated or even more); can have a definite or indefinite amount of property or non-property nature. Suggested ways of improving the institution of the hereditary contract, in particular by: a clear definition of the rights and obligations of the parties; the legal regulation of the grounds for termination of succession agreement; the extension of the grounds for termination of the contract, because the law provides for the termination in court only; legislative recognition of individuals who to provide right to demand the termination of succession agreement and return of property acquired under such contract, in the event of a default by purchaser of his duties after the death of the transferor.