Abstract:
Останніми роками, від моменту проголошення Конституції України, визнані нею права і
свободи людини і громадянина систематично порушуються самими законами України й іншими
нормативно-правовими актами чи актами судочинства. Визначено ключові характеристики
правових обмежень, які слід враховувати для застосування інституту обмежень у правовому
регулюванні відносин праці. Виокремлено види правового встановлення взаємовідносин людини і
держави та констатовано, що обмеження (якщо вони є законними) можуть бути встановлені лише
в тому випадку, якщо інтереси народу переважатимуть над інтересами держави і якщо права і
свободи людини будуть визнані основними цінностями держави як конституційного ладу,
оскільки «стрижнем і першоелементом держави є Людина (індивід, особистість), яка наділена
певним балансом фізичного та біологічного, соціального спілкування та культурно-духовних
особливостей. The scope of human rights is expressed in their definition – a fundamental characteristic,
expressed in the form of quantitative indicators of human capacities, which are reflected by specific rights
and are not uniform or general. Generally accepted is a rule which provides that in no case can the
essence of the basic human rights be violated. In recent years, since the proclamation of the Constitution
of Ukraine, recognized by it in section II, the rights and freedoms of man and citizen are systematically
violated by the laws of Ukraine and other normative and legal acts or acts of judicial activity.
The key characteristics of legal restrictions that should be taken into account for the institution's
application of restrictions in the legal regulation of labor relations are defined. Separate types of legal
establishment of relations between the person and the state are specified and it is stated that restrictions (if
they are legal) can be established only if the interests of the people prevail over the interests of the state
and if the rights and freedoms of the person are recognized by the basic values of the state as a
constitutional order, Since interaction and a sharp and the first element of the state is a person (individual,
personality), who is endowed with a certain balance of physical and biological, social communication and
cultural and spiritual features.
Two priority legal and factual grounds for the application of the legal institute to the limitation
of human and civil rights and freedoms in Ukraine are mentioned. It is stressed that constitutional rights
and freedoms of man and citizen can be restricted only in cases expressly provided for in the Constitution
of Ukraine, and if part 2 of Article 64 of the Constitution of Ukraine does not contain in its list of Article
43, this means that Article 43 of the Constitution provides for the possibility of application of restrictions
in case of military or emergency. If part 2 of Article 64 of the Constitution of Ukraine does not specify a
list of specific articles, for example in the field of labor law, Article 43-46, it does not abrogates the
provision of part 1 of Article 64 of the Constitution of Ukraine, which states that restrictions may only be
in cases provided by the Constitution of Ukraine in the whole text of the Constitution of Ukraine, and not
only in one part 2 of article 64.
