Abstract:
Розглянуто наявні підходи до розуміння поняття «булінг», на основі чого зроблено висновок про те, що у вітчизняній науковій літературі відсутній єдиний підхід до розуміння досліджуваного поняття. Аналіз джерел, предметом пізнання яких є булінг, дозволив виокремити його широке та вузьке розуміння. Останнє зводиться до законодавчої дефініції та властиве переважно дослідженням у межах правничої науки. Широке розуміння булінгу властиве психологічним, педагогічним та соціологічним дослідженням учених.
Description:
The relevance of the study is stipulated by the necessity of scientific knowledge at the level of general and theoretical legal science of bullying to increase the effectiveness of counteraction to this negative phenomenon, the separation from other forms of violent behavior. There are two groups of sources covering the understanding of bullying: 1) research in the field of sociology, pedagogy and psychology (is a larger group) 2) research in the field of law (related to the adoption of legislation providing for liability for bullying and based on its legislative definition analysis, which determines the coverage primarily of the administrative and legal aspect of these studies). The first group of sources, based on the peculiarities of understanding bullying, is divided into three subgroups: papers in which bullying is understood as an external social influence, a phenomenon having negative consequences and existing within a particular social group; papers in which bullying is perceived mainly through the emphasis on aggressive behavior, interpreting it as mockery, harassment, violence; papers in which bullying is understood as the interaction of social actors, which has a conflicting nature due to the
lack of communication skills. The second group of sources is divided into two subgroups: scientific publications, analyzing the features of bullying, the national courts’ practice concerning interpretation of bullying through the application of Art. 173-4 of the Code of Ukraine on Administrative Offenses; papers in which the correlation of bullying with other forms of violent behavior is the subject of knowledge, and its features are determined. It is summarized that there is no single approach to understanding bullying in the domestic scientific literature. Analysis of sources, the subject of knowledge of which is bullying, allows us to distinguish its broad and narrow understanding. The latter is reduced to a legislative definition and is inherent mainly in research within legal science. A broad interpretation of bullying, including not only the features defined in the law, but also others, in particular, the negative nature of the consequences, disruption of group communication, interpersonal conflict, which is characterized mainly by psychological, pedagogical and social research of bullying.
