Основні етапи історичного розвитку системи трудового законодавства України

Abstract

Стаття розкриває, що трудове законодавство України розвивалося досить нестабільно. Це було обумовлено тим, що на різних історичних етапах наша країна перебувала у складі різних держав. Стаття висвітлює, що трудове законодавство сучасної України відрізняється певною нестабільністю та суперечностями у сфері економічної доцільності виробництва, між інтересами роботодавців із їхнім прагненням мати максимальний результат за мінімальних витрат та соціальними потребами робітників із їхнім бажанням мати необхідні правові гарантії. У статті досліджено, що сучасні соціально-економічні та політичні умови, що склались у нашій країні, а також виникнення нових професій і підвищення трудової мобільності громадян вимагають від законодавця пошуку нових засобів для врегулювання трудових і пов’язаних із ними правовідносин. The article reveals that the labor legislation of Ukraine developed rather unstable, which was connected with which state our country was part of at a certain historical stage. The article highlights that the Labor legislation of modern Ukraine is characterized by certain instability and contradictions in the field of economic feasibility of production, the interests of employers with their desire to have the maximum result at minimum costs, with the social needs of workers and their desire to have the necessary legal guarantees. The article examines that the current socio-economic and political conditions that have developed in our country, as well as the emergence of new professions and increased labor mobility of citizens, require the legislator to find new means to regulate labor and related legal relations. One of these means is the systematization of labor legislation, because today Ukraine is almost the only post-communist country that uses the Code of Labor Laws, adopted back in 1971. Despite the fact that a number of amendments and additions have been made to this normative legal act over the course of fifty years, it still has a considerable number of gaps, because most of its norms are outdated and do not correspond to existing realities. The article analyzes that the historical and legal studies of legal scholars, which relate to the causes of the origin, essence and purpose of the legislative regulation of social relations in the sphere of hired labor, as well as the trends of its development during an almost century-long period, became the scientific basis for a fundamental conclusion about the independence of the field of labor law in the national legal system. The article states that the new stage of development of labor legislation of Ukraine begins in 1991, when our country was recognized as an independent state. Since then, more than 100 changes have been made to the Labor Code, which were due to the transition of Ukraine to a market economy, which required the dominance of contractual regulation of social relations in the sphere of hired labor. The article highlights the main stages of the historical development of the labor legislation system of Ukraine. The article highlights that the labor legislation of Ukraine developed rather unstable, which was connected with which state our country was part of at a certain historical stage. The labor legislation of modern Ukraine is characterized by certain instability and contradictions in the field of economic feasibility of production, the interests of employers with their desire to have the maximum result at minimum costs, with the social needs of workers and their desire to have the necessary legal guarantees.