Форма держави відповідно до Пактів і конституції прав і вольностей Запорозького Війська

Abstract

Проаналізовано модель форми держави відповідно до «Пактів і Конституції прав і вольностей Запорозького війська» Пилипа Орлика. Визначено структуру моделі форми держави із розглядом додаткової складової: форми домінуючого суспільно-економічного укладу. Надано особливості державного суверенітету. Подано класифікацію носіїв державної влади. Визначено форму державного правління, форму адміністративно територіального устрою та форму державного політичного режиму.

The model of the form of the state is analyzed in accordance with the "Pacts and Constitution of the rights and liberties of the Zaporozhye army" Filip Orlik. The structure of the model of the form of the state is determined with consideration of an additional component: forms of the dominant socioeconomic structure. Features of state sovereignty are given. Classification of the bearers of state power is presented. The form of state government, the form of the administrative territorial structure and the form of the state political regime are determined. The above information made it possible to formulate the following conclusions: - the article of the second pacts did not simply refer to Sweden's protectorate, but also determined its indefinite, prolonged character, therefore, it is doubtful is the completeness of the foreign political sovereignty of the Zaporozhye Army; - in accordance with the text of the Covenant and the Constitution of the rights and liberties of the Zaporozhye army, the form of government had all the features of an elected limited monarchy; - the power of the hetman was limited primarily to the benefit of the General Sergeant; - despite the attempt to divide the power into the legislative General Council and the hetman; executive: the hetman and the General foreman and the judicial General Court, the presence of powers in the legislative sphere and control over the executive power point to a specific dualistic nature of the power of the head of state, - the form of the state territorial structure, according to the text of the Covenant and the Constitution of the rights and liberties of the Zaporozhye army, is most likely to fall under the description of a unitary decentralized state; - clerical-autocratic with elements of class democracy, the state-political regime is perhaps most consistent with the content of the document under study; - the dominant form of the socioeconomic order was the manorial (from the Latin Maneo - I remain, I live, called the feudal fiefdom): characterized by the existence of a hierarchy among the owners on the land under which the dependent workers (peasants) independently operated their farms, were united in peasant communities and gave the owners part of the product in the form of developmental, natural and money-rent.