Порівняльний аналіз адміністративно-правового регулювання експертно-криміналістичного дослідження в зарубіжних країнах

Abstract

Здійснено дослідження зарубіжного досвіду адміністративно-правового регулювання експертно-криміналістичних досліджень. Проаналізовано досвід Великобританії, Німеччини, Литви, Франції, Російської Федерації, Азербайджану, Республіки Білорусь та інших європейських країн. Розглянуто особливості формування системи експертно-криміналістичних установ як у системі поліцейських структур, так і при міністерстві юстиції.

In the scientific article the research of foreign experience of the administrative and legal regulation of forensic researches is carried out. Experience of Great Britain. Germany, Lithuania, France, Russian Federation, Azerbaijan, Republic Byelorussia and other European countries is analysed. The features of forming of the system of forensic establishments are considered. It is marked that in the conditions of integration of Ukraine in the European Union the problem of perfection of domestic legislation is actual. An author deems it wise to analyse the examples of the administrative and legal regulation of forensic researches of foreign countries in order to use positive experience and make own suggestions in relation to possibility of his implementatsii in Ukraine. In addition, the study of progressive international experience, above all things the European countries, will allow to avoid errors at reformation of the domestic forensic system. It is underlined that in most European countries forensic activity is carried out by both forensic subdivisions and separate competent judicial experts. Forming of the system of forensic establishments takes place either in constabulary establishments (at the ministry of internal affairs), or at the ministry of justice. As an analysis shows, in practice of the European countries principles of providing of independence of expert are incarnated, orientations not on the department belonging of expert, and on a presence at him the special knowledges necessary for the decision of tasks of justice; there is actual realization of principle of contesting of the experts attracted by different sides of process.