Історико-правовий аналіз кримінальної відповідальності за заподіяння тілесних ушкоджень (ХХ-ХХІ століття)

Abstract

Досліджено витоки кримінально-правового забезпечення охорони тілесної недоторканності людини та встановлено періодизацію розвитку законодавства, що передбачало відповідальність за заподіяння тілесних ушкоджень як злочину проти життя та здоров’я людини.

The sources of criminal legal protection of the protection of bodily integrity of a person were investigated and periodization of the development of legislation was envisaged, which provided for responsibility for causing bodily harm as a crime against human life and health. It was stated that the criminal responsibility for causing bodily harm was foreseen on Ukrainian lands from ancient times. In the historical aspect, one can distinguish the following periods of its existence and development: 1. The initial (IX - XVI centuries) - includes the birth and development of the first norms that establish and regulate the criminal responsibility for causing bodily harm. Characterized by class inequality, severe punishments for the lower strata of the population and rather loyal ones - for the higher. There is a certain evolution of norms from the "n Truth" to the Statutes of ON. The period is associated with the existence of Kievan Rus and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. 2. Intensive development and rethinking (XVI - early XX centuries) - is characterized by a review by the legislator of fundamental ideas in this area, which were included in the 1903 Act, in which a person was regarded as a person. Substantially refined concepts and types of bodily injuries, the idea of the necessary defense, rethinking the system of punishment, etc. 3. Soviet (the beginning of XX - the end of the XXI century.). Characterized by the simplification of the norms that existed in the Russian Empire, with the exception of many provisions, however, at the same time - their laconicism, the further evolution of the system of punishment and representations of the types of bodily injuries. 4. Contemporary (the end of the twentieth century is our time). Characterized by the penetration of the Soviet experience with partial modernization of norms under the requirements of modern times. Amended provisions in the field of differentiation of criminal liability for causing bodily harm.